ABSTRACT
As the main active compound of Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, tetrandrine (TET) has been used to treat silicosis for nearly 50 years. TET has clear therapeutic effect on pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. A recent study suggests that TET may inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 by blocking the two-pore channel 2 (TPC2), revealing its potential as a natural medicine to treat COVID-19. To explore the material basis of TET targeting lung efficacy and its potential toxicity, available literatures related to the pharmacological activity on pulmonary, dosage, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of TET are systemically reviewed. The prospect and current problems of TET to be a therapeutic agent for COVID-19 are further investigated on this basis.
ABSTRACT
BackgroundIt has been proved that as a chemokine,interferon-inducible protein-10(IP-10)can regulate the immuno-inflammatory reaction.Some new researches showed that IP-10 also played role in regulating the neovascular vessel formation.Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is associated with multiple cellular factors,but its mechanism is below clear.Objective The present study was to address the roles of exogenous mouse IP-10 in alkali burn-induced CNV.Methods Eighty-two SPF BALB/c mice were used in this experiment and grouped according to random number table.The corneal alkali burn models were established by putting the filter paper with 1 mol/L NaOH at the central corneas of the left eyes for 40 seconds.10 mg/L IP-10 was topically administered from the first day or 14 days after modeling in the early intervene group( 10 eyes)or middle-late intervene group(5 eyes).CNV area was measured as a percentage of whole cornea.0.2％ sodium hyaluronate(HA) as vehicle was utilized in the model control group.Angiogenic factor expression in corneal tissue in the early intervene group was quantified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)and compared with model control group.All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research and complied with the standards of Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of Soochow University. ResultsThe CNV percentage was(88.67±10.22) ％ in the model control mice,showing a significant increase in comparison with that of IP-10 early intervene group (70.06±12.21)％ (t=3.77,P=0.00).In 21 days after corneal alkali burn,the CNV percentage was(87.33±13.47)％ in the model control mice,and that of the IP-10 middle-late intervene group was ( 86.56± 12.47 ) ％ without significant difference between them ( t =1.26,P＞0.05 ).Two days or four days after IP-10 early intervene,the expressions of chemokine receptor type 3 ( CXCR3 ) in corneal tissue were significant higher than model control group( t =3.13,3.07,P＜0.05 ),but the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cornea were lowed ( t =5.99,6.27,P＜0.01),and so were transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (t =8.50,P＜0.01;t =4.53,P＜0.05).Conclusions The early topical administration of the exogenous mouse IP-10 can inhibit CNV by up-regulating CXCR3 expression and down-regulating VEGF and TGF-β1 expression in cornea.However,middle-later usage of the IP-10 is uneffective.
ABSTRACT
A brief history and new developments of acupuncture moxibustion in the former Soviet Union is provided in this paper, as well as in Russia. Science of acupuncture-moxibustion was introduced into Russia after the 10th Century. After the foundation of People's Republic of China, acupuncture-moxibustion therapy has drawn widespread attention in the former Soviet Union and Russia since the 1950s. Notably, acupuncture moxibustion therapy was legalized and popularized in mid 1950s in the Soviet Union, which was gradually accepted as a part of the country's medical system. In the latest 20 years, Federal health departments have paid attention to acupuncture-moxibustion therapy and issued laws and regulations on acupuncture reflexotherapy. The number of books and journals about acupuncture-moxibustion has been increasing; clinical application of acupuncture-moxibustion has been spreading and is welcomed by people. Academic exchanges between China and Russia are more frequent, which promoted the development of science of acupuncture-moxibustion in Russia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , History , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Moxibustion , History , Russia , USSRABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture on bronchial asthma. Methods One hundred and four cases of asthma at persistent period and remission stage were divided into a treatment group and a control group with stratified random method of illness degrees. The treatment group were treated with antiasthma agents plus acupuncture at Quchi (LI 11), Lieque (LU 7), Yuji (LU 10), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Taixi (KI 3), once each day, 10 sessions constituting one course, and the control group with anti-asthma agents at the same dose. Changes of clinical symptoms and pulmonary function after treatment were investigated. Results Clinical symptoms significantly improved, the score for asthma symptoms decreased and the wheeze in the lung reduced, severity and grading of the disease significantly improved in the treatment group with significant differences as compared with those in the control group (all P< 0.05). And the first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), peak of forced expiratory flow rate (PEF), FEF(25%-75%) (% PRED), FEF(75%-85%) (% PRED), FEF50% (%PRED), FEF75% (% PRED) more significantly improved in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). Six months later, the incidence rate of asthma acute attack in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the dose of anti-asthma agents in the 50% of patients in the treatment group was reduced by 1/3-1/4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture can improve clinical symptoms and pulmonary function and reduce the dose of anti-asthma agents, and has a certain long-term therapeutic effect.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acupuncture Therapy , Asthma , Therapeutics , Forced Expiratory Volume , Lung , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the acting mechanism of acupuncture treatment for dispersing Fei, invigorating Pi and reinforcing Shen (DFIPRS) on bronchial asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-one chronic asthma patients in persistent or remission period were randomly assigned to two groups with stratified method, the treated group (40 cases) and the control group (31 cases). Anti-asthmatic medicine were given to both groups and acupuncture therapy to the treated group additionally on the acupoints for DFIPRS including Quchi (Lt11), Lieque (LU7), Yuji (Lu10), Neiguan (P6), Zusanli (ST36), Sanyinjiao (Sp6) and Taixi (K13) using uniform reinforcing-reducing manipulation. The changes of heart rate variability (HRV) frequency-domain index and the pulmonary function were observed before and after treatment, and the immediate effect before and after the first needling of acupuncture was also observed in 17 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After acupuncture treatment, the indices of pulmonary function improved significantly and the function of vegetative nervous system, showed by HRV, were also elevated in the treated group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and significantly superior to that in the control group after treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture therapy could significantly improve pulmonary function of asthma patients, its mechanism may be related to the regulation of vegetative nerve function.</p>